Student, this word is scary as if a phantom which has haunted the teachers. Teachers are not only demanded to make a final good result in students’ score but also how they will face the students. Nowadays, there are so many kinds of student. We know that the population in the classroom will not always be occupied by homogeny students. A classroom will always be occupied by many kinds of the students. Some of them maybe just ordinary students, they just follow what the teacher orders. But I can guarantee 100 % percent that we can not find this kind of the student occupy the entire desk in the classroom. There will be other type of the students will occupy those ordinary students in the classroom. These kinds of the students that I mean must be alerted in the process of teaching learning. If we can not take care of these kinds of students, I am sure enough that the teacher will deal with so much trouble in the classroom. So, to hinder that kind of trouble, it will be wise if we know who and what they are.

Here are the description of those students :

1. Ordinary students : this kind of students always obey the rule from the teacher. They just sit and listen to what the teacher tell and teach.
2. Kinectical students : this type of students is dynamic. They don’t like to stay in single place. They like to move around in the classroom.
3. Musical students : this type always connects all the things in their life with songs.
4. Logical students : These students like mathematical things, they like to calculate things. It means that they prefer something in logical way.
5. Inactive students : this type is static. They can not be active just like an ordinary students.

Those type students are called with Multiple Intelligence students. After knowing the description of the students one by one, I am sure enough that we, as teachers must find a method or material which is suitable for those kinds of the students. If the teacher just use an ordinary method or material to teach, I take for granted that the teacher will not succeed in his teaching in the classroom. To deal with those kinds of students, the teacher must find an integrated material which support his teaching in the class. A material which can be appropriate to teach the whole students. The community in the classroom will feel that they have the same rights to study. So, they will feel comfortable because their needs can be fulfilled by their teacher.

To teach special students like those, we need a different material also. This material can be called with Integrated material. This integrated material is for intelligence students.

In English language, we know that there are 4 skills. They are reading, speaking, writing and listening. To teach multiple intelligence students, If we teach only one skill in the classroom, I believe it for sure that some of those type of the students will feel unfair situation because the skill taught is only for one single type of students. And if it happens in the classroom, it will endanger the position of the teacher. The teacher will lose the respect from the students.

Maybe right now, all of you are wondering what kind of material is suitable for this kind of situation. This material is not only suitable but also perfect to combine for 4 skill just in one material. Can you imagine now? One perfect material is for multiple intelligence in the classroom. What kind of material is it? The answer is a game.

A game. The next question is how to teach the game for multiple intelligence students by combining 4 skills but just in one material. Is it possible? The answer is “YES”.

Do you really want to know how the steps they are ?

The game is about guessing. The name of the game is Guess who, where or what. This game combines 4 skills. The material of the game teaches Reading skill about descriptive text but the application in the game involves reading, speaking, writing and listening. In the game, the participants may read the clue, dance (kinectical), sing a song (musical). But for Inactive students, their job is only to make a note every single activity during the game. Then they must submit the note to the teacher.

Here are the steps…..

1. Split the students into groups.
2. One group must have one team leader
3. Give them time to discuss and write the identification and description of the subject. When they say Guess who, it means that the subject is a person. It can be a celebrity, important person, or famous person. Guess where, it means a place. Guess what refers to a thing.
4. Let one group answer the clue in one single chance, so they can not answer twice in the game. If one group can answer the clue, they will get 1 point.
5. Finally, for those who can not answer and they lost in the game, the teacher must give a punishment. The punishment depends on the teacher’s policy. But it will be fun if the punishment is about singing a kindergarten song. The game will feel fun for everyone. It’s learning by doing,pal.

Have a fun in your teaching ……

Author

Eko Budi Rahardjo,S.Pd.

The author of

TO BUILD A CONVERSATION CLASS MORE ATTRACTIVE IN THE CLASSROOM

Url : www.awesome-reviews.info

Gerund dan infinitif: perbedaan jelas dalam makna Kata kerja ini bisa diikuti oleh gerund atau infinitif tetapi disertai dengan perubahan makna.

Forget / regret / remember

Apabila kata kerja-kata kerja ini digunakan bersama dengan gerund maka mereka menunjuk pada sesuatu yang terjadi sebelum waktu tertentu. Apabila kata kerja-kata kerja ini digunakan bersama dengan infinitif maka mereka menunjuk pada sesuatu yang terjadi saat atau setelah waktu tertentu.

Forget

Forget bersama gerund sering digunakan dengan never untuk menyatakan tindakan sebelumnya yang dapat diingat.

I’ll never forget going to Japan.

Forget bersama infinitif berarti sesuatu yang terjadi saat atau setelah waktu tertentu.

Don’t forget to meet me at 5.00.

Regret

Regret bersama gerund menunjuk pada tindakan yang dilakukan sebelumnya.

I don’t regret leaving my job.

Regret bersama infinitif digunakan untuk memberikan berita buruk dengan cara yang formal dan sopan. Ini sering digunakan bersama dengan kata kerja to say, to announce, to tell you dan to inform you.

We regret to inform you the interview is cancelled.

Remember

Remember bersama gerund digunakan untuk sesuatu yang terjadi saat atau setelah waktu tertentu.

Please remember to close the door.

(lain kali harap tutup pintu) Go on Go on bersama gerund berarti melanjutkan sebuah tindakan yang sedang berlangsung.

Contoh: I want to go on studying here.

Go on bersama infinitif berarti melakukan sesuatu yang baru.

Contoh: After university, he went on to study law.

Mean

Mean bersama gerund menunjukkan akibat-akibat negatif.

Contoh: You can buy a new car, but it means spending a lot of money.

Mean bersama infinitif menunjukkan keinginan.

He means to leave his job next month.

I didn’t mean to make you angry.

Try

Try dengan gerund digunakan untuk anjuran-anjuran.

“I need to lose weight.”

“Try exercising and eating healthy food”.

“I’m really hot.”

“Try sitting here, it’s much cooler.”

Try dengan infinitif berarti mengupayakan sesuatu.

I tried to lift it but I can’t. I’ll try to finish this by tomorrow morning.

Stop

Stop bersama gerund berarti mengakhiri sebuah tindakan.

I stopped eating fast food last year.

I can’t stop loving you.

Stop being so annoying!

Stop dengan infinitif berarti memutus sebuah tindakan

I was walking to the subway station, and I stopped to say “Hi” to my friends.

I was working at home, and I stopped to answer the ‘phone.

Come

Come bersama gerund berarti pergerakan dengan kesan mengherankan atau menyenangkan.

The ball came flying toward me – it almosty hit me on the head!

Don’t come running to me! (ini berarti tidak mengharapkan simpati)

Come dengan infinitif berarti sebuah perubahan persepsi.

I thought he wasn’t smart, but I came to realize he’s very talented.

I didn’t like teaching, but I came to like it.

come dengan infinitive bisa juga berarti hanya alasan.

Why did you come? – I came to watch a movie.

Help

Help sering digunakan bersama dengan infinitif -

I helped to make dinner. help digunakan tanpa to, khususnya dalam bahasa Inggris lisan Amerika.

- I helped make the dinner.

help juga digunakan bersama dengan with dan gerund.

- I helped with making the dinner.

Ketiga penggunaan ini memiliki makna yang sama.

Help bersama gerund juga digunakan dengan can’t yang berarti sebuah reaksi diluar kendali subjek. I can’t help laughing. Those kids are noisy, but I can’t help liking them.

That’s right. You are preventing yourself from learning a second language because you’ve fed your mind over and over and over again with the unreal and unhelpful notion that you “could never learn French or Russian or Spanish or Chinese.” And you know what, as long as you have that in your head, you’re right. Shocked that I would say that? Think about it. If you don’t think you can learn another language you probably can’t. But once you get that out of your head, it is possible. Granted, it is more difficult for some to learn but I am convinced (as are many linguists) that each and every one of us has an “innate” language learning ability inside of us. We Americans don’t have to use it as much, though if you think about it, we had to use it to learn English (which, incidentally, is an extremely tricky language to learn for those learning it as adults).

But here’s the beauty of its corollary: if you decide in your head that you will be able to learn a language, you can. And you will. But like the main character in “Mr. Holland’s Opus” so slavishly pointed out: “Baby steps, baby steps.” You can learn another language and you should at least make an attempt to do so. Most people can do it but they often fail before they try.
Mort is used to communicating in both the technical and business worlds. Read more of Mort’s thoughts at the Silk Pillow Cases site or the Velcro Dots site.

Article Source: http://EzineArticles.com/?expert=Mort_Greenwood

1. INTERROGATIVE
2. SUBJECT
3. OBJECT
4. AUXILIARY
5. VERB
6. COMPLEMENT

We will see about each component one by one:
1. INTERROGATIVE: All sentences are in the two forms that is one may ask any question and the other may tell the answer. So one sentence will always be a question or an answer. If a sentence is a question, it should have one INTERROGATIVE part in it. Interrogative utterances are expressed in the words, such as

1. WHAT
2 WHICH
3. WHO
4. WHOM
5. WHOSE
6. WHERE
7. WHEN
8. WHY
9. HOW
10. HOW MUCH
11. HOW MANY
12. HOW LONG
13. HOW FAR

INTERROGATIVE PRONOUNS: In the above list of Interrogative words WHAT, WHICH, WHO, WHOM, WHOSE, WHERE, WHEN, and WHY are called interrogative pronouns.

INTERROGATIVE ADVERBS: In the above list of Interrogative words HOW, HOW MUCH, HOW MANY, HOW LONG, and HOW FAR are called Interrogative adverbs

2. SUBJECT: HE, SHE, IT, I, WE, YOU, and THEY-these words (PRONOUN) or any NOUN in a sentence especially in the beginning of the sentence form the SUBJECT part. A SUBJECT may be single in number or multiple in number, but there is only one TRUE SUBJECT. All other parts of speech in a sentence will support the subject part. A verb or an auxiliary verb will always come after the subject. All parts of speech in a sentence will focus towards this subject only and a SUBJECT is essential for a sentence.

3. OBJECT: HE, SHE, IT, I, WE, YOU, and THEY-these words (PRONOUN) or any NOUN in a sentence especially in the end of the sentence form the OBJECT part. An OBJECT may be single in number or multiple in number, but there is only one TRUE OBJECT. All other parts of speech in a sentence will support the object part. A verb or an auxiliary verb will always come before the object. All parts of speech in a sentence will target towards it. One OBJECT is essential for a sentence.

4. AUXILIARY: This is the wife of the verb. Yes, we can say AUXILIARY is the wife of the VERB. They both always must come in a sentence. They act as one unit. Even in some sentences verb or auxiliary may come separately, but in fact in those sentences the verb or auxiliary is making it quiet while the other is talking. But they act as one unit always. We can say an auxiliary is the assistant or helper of a verb. In English language, there are 15 words can act their own and act as verbs. They have the tendency to work both, as a verb or as an auxiliary. We can consider them as a verb in a sentence when they work lonely.

Example:

I AM a boy.

Here AM works as an auxiliary for the hidden verb BE, or we can consider AM as an separate verb, which means BE.

See the list of AUXILIARIES that can work separately in a sentence as a verb:

IS, AM, WAS, HAS, HAVE, HAD, DO, DOES, DID, BE, ARE, WERE, CAN, WILL, MAY,

See some examples:

1. I NEED your help.

2. Where ARE you now?

3. I HAVE only one pen.

4. I DID that project.

5. KEEP it up.

6. BE patient.

But these below auxiliaries cannot be used separately. They can be used with other verbs to give a meaning.

BEEN, BEING, COULD, SHALL, SHOULD WOULD, MIGHT, MUST, NEED, KEEP, KEPT, USED TO, OUGHT TO, GOING TO, DARE, NEVER

5. COMPLEMENT: This gives a sentence complete meaning. Complement in a sentence will be the answers for the interrogative questions. An adverb will always act as a complement in a sentence. Interrogative questions in a sentence such that HOW, WHY, WHERE, and WHEN, and the answers for these questions in a sentence will be the complement. This has no connection with the verb or auxiliary verb in a sentence.

Examples:

1. I am going to the temple to pray god.

In the above sentence,
I – is the subject.
Am – auxiliary verb
Going – verb
To the temple – subject
To pray god – is the complement

To pray god gives us the answer in the sentence of WHY, and to pray is an adverb, and the complement is giving a complete answer.
http://advanced-english-grammar-free-for-all.blogspot.com

Article Source: http://EzineArticles.com/?expert=Sasi_Krishna

If you truly want to have success, English plays an essential key towards your growth. Look at any job classified and you will see how many employers prefer Spanish bilingual job applicants. Try to apply for a loan or start your own business and you will come across many barriers if you are not able to communicate in English. What if you have an emergency and nobody around you speaks Spanish? If you don’t speak English now, don’t get discouraged. I want to encourage you that you can speak English and you don’t have to spend thousands of dollars to do so. There are many simple steps that if you apply them, will help you improve your communication skills.

One of the reasons you are probably not learning English is because you are in a job where everyone around you speaks Spanish. This makes things comfortable and easy for you. This way you don’t have to get out of your comfort zone and you can continue without any struggle. When I was an exchange student in Morelia, Michoacan, I didn’t have the luxury of having someone speak English around me, nor was their any posted signs in English. I knew I had to learn to converse in Spanish very quickly. The best way to do that is to speak without fear or embarrassment. Sometimes people laughed at how I pronounced things or didn’t understand what I was trying to say. By practicing, I was able to improve my communication. If someone laughed at me, I would laugh with them and continue to try to explain myself until they understood what I meant. People will respect you more for trying and not getting it right, then if you don’t try at all.

English classes are obviously a great step toward improving your English. There are many ESL classes that have flexible schedules and fees. I was a teacher of ESL classes and I was impressed about the curriculum. Classroom instruction gives you the essential basics in writing, pronouncing, and speaking English. It is also a great place to meet other people who are in similar situations.

The next step is that you need to practice your English everyday. Like anything, if you don’t practice you will not be good. Carry around a dictionary or phrase book. If you get stuck on a word, look it up. Converse with the cashiers and bank tellers in English. If you have a co-worker that you usually don’t talk to at work, tell him that you want to practice speaking your English with them. Don’t be afraid to tell them to slow down if they are talking too fast. Ask them to repeat something you don’t understand. Repeat back to them what they said to you.

Watch T.V., and listen to the radio in English, even if for an hour a day. Watch the news or a funny show and always be actively listening to the phrases. Try to capture the meaning and look up words you don’t understand. One last thing you may try is to get a few children’s books in English. By reading these simple sentences you will learn how to speak correctly.

Summary of steps for learning English in six months or less.

• Classes
• Watching T.V. in English
• Listening to the radio.
• Reading children’s books.
• Practicing with native English speakers.
• Carrying around a dictionary.
• Speak without fear of embarrassment – it is better to try than not.

If you truly dedicate yourself to learning English, you can accomplish it in less than six months. You will be at a conversational level and able to communicate with anyone in any situation. Your English will not be perfect, but you will be on the path to constantly improving yourself and you will have a basis from which to grow. Then you will be a more valuable commodity in the work place. Remember, anything that you accomplish in life takes dedication and practice. Learning a new language is no exception but I know anyone can do it. Give it a try for thirty days of following the above steps. I promise you will see improvement after thirty days and will want to continue from there. Now go for it!
Donn Kirst- Customer Loyalty/Leadership Trainer – Aston Jacobs Inc.
702-287-2894.

donnkirst@yahoo.com

Article Source: http://EzineArticles.com/?expert=Donn_Kirst

Lesson Plan Reading

Download Reading Descriptive Text, Reading Narrative Text

Lesson Plan Writing

Download Past Tense, Present Continuous, Present Tense

Lesson Plan Speaking

Download Role Play

Lesson Plan Listening

Download Dialogue & Story Telling

I hope these lesson plans are useful for you in teaching, I look forward to having comments from you all for development.

In the future, I would like to post all of my materials in this blog. I need some critics and suggestions for development, I will be delighted to accept it.

If you have any request that I can give, Please let me know. Thank you

Irregular verbs are not as easy to learn as regular ones, but it’s not that hard, either. Students are often scared at the variety of irregular verbs the English language has, and learning them can be challenging – but fun. One thing is true, though: you’ll have to learn them by heart. There have been systems invented to learn irregular verbs easier by ESL programs, but actually the best way is to remember the verbs, by using them, and applying them to different situations. Let’s take a look at some common -and not so common- irregular verbs in English:

be – was/were – been

become – became – become

begin – began – begun

break – broke – broken

bring – brought – brought

build – built – built

buy – bought – bought

come – came – come

cost – cost – cost

cut – cut – cut

do – did – done

drink – drank – drunk

eat – ate – eaten

find – found – found

fly – flew – flown

get – got – gotten/got

give – gave – given

go – went – gone

have – had – had

keep – kept – kept

know – knew – known

leave – left – left

make – made – made

meet – met – met

pay – paid – paid

put – put – put

read – read – read

say – said – said

see – saw – seen

sell – sold – sold

send – sent – sent

speak – spoke – spoken

spend – spent – spent

take – took – taken

teach – taught – taught

tell – told – told

think – thought – thought

These are very frequent verbs, and if you take a close look you’ll see that the past participle (third column) often repeats the past form. For example:

• I make my bed every day.
• I made my bed yesterday.
• I have made my bed before!

Others, however, suffer a change when used in part participle:

• I speak with my mother often.
• I spoke with my mother last Friday.
• I have recently spoken to my mother.

As with regular verbs, irregular ones are used with different auxiliaries to form tenses. That way, using has or have plus the past participle of a verb will form the present perfect tense:

• She has taught me a lot about life.

Using had plus past participle forms the past perfect tense:

• They had always thought her illness could be reverted.

Will is also an auxiliary that forms the future tense. Will have plus a past participle will form the future perfect tense:

• Tomorrow will be a nice day. (Simple Future)
• By Friday, I will have finished my assignments (Future Perfect)

For a full list of irregular verbs and exercises you can visit this complete website. To understand fully the way irregular verbs are constructed, the best way is to study and use them, so only practice can lead you to success in this sense. So go ahead, use, study and learn them!

If you enjoyed this article, please feel free to post it to your site or blog and forward this link to your friends. Have a great day!”

Don’t forget to visit my ESL blog.

Non-English speakers are often puzzled by the American English pronunciation of the letter ‘t’. Sometimes it sounds clearly like a /t/ in the word determine), but other times it sounds almost like a /d/.

There are a lot of technical descriptions of this phenomenon, and linguists, phoneticians and language teachers can have lively conversations and debates about how best to describe it. For most learners, however, it helps to know a few simple facts about what happens to the /t/ sound in American English pronunciation.

Let’s take a look at two words which sound almost alike when spoken by an American speaker of English.

ladder – latter

Ladder is an object used for climbing, and latter is used to refer to the second of two previously mentioned items. There spelling and meanings are different, but in American English pronunciation, the two words sound the same.

What is happening here? First, it’s important to understand the stress patterns in the words. Both words are stressed on the first syllable. In American English pronunciation, when a stressed syllable occurs before the letter ‘t’, the /t/ sound is pronounced with a sound similar to a /d/. This happens only when the stressed vowel is followed directly by the ‘t’. If a consonant comes between the vowel and the ‘t’, the ‘t’ keeps its regular pronunciation. For example, in the word “lasting”, the first syllable is stressed, but there is an ’s’ between the stressed vowel and the ‘t’, so you clearly hear the /t/ sound.

Here are some examples:

words with a /d/ sound

butter

better

sitter

greater

hated

words with a /t/ sound

deter

fester

hasty

pasted

faster

There are other ways in which the ‘t’ can be pronounced differently in American English pronunciation. But for now, see how many examples of the /d/ phenomenon you can hear in the English around you.

As a teacher, when we want to teach in the classroom, we always try to find the best method to deliver the lesson and make the class enjoyable in the classroom for everyone. Sometimes, we deal with so many obstacles in the progress of teaching. Many kinds of teaching methods such communicative and even dinamic will be applied for the purpose to get the best result. But unfortunately, the students got bored all the time everytime we need to teach new materials. This happens because the students accept the same treatment in the process of teaching and learning in the classroom. Finally, the success in delivering the lesson is not able to be achieved so far. Then the boring method occurred all the time in the classroom.
Teaching needs the feeling from the teacher. The teacher must know the needs of the students in the classroom. That’s the reason why we should open the communication between the teacher and the students. If there are many critics arise from the students comments, we as the teacher must obey it as a learning process to be a better way for us as an educator.
The various and dynamic situation must be applied from now, especially when we want to teach a conversation class. Many teachers who teach conversation class have different method of teaching. But I found so many monotonous methods and topics which are applied. Conversation class must be run attractively in the class. It involves the eagerness and enjoyment feeling of the students. Everytime we succeed in controlling the process of teaching and learning in the classroom, I believe it for sure that a success will follow us right away. Our conversation class will be comfortable as we want.
The best material is needed also in this case. We are discussing a conversation class. It means that the teacher must try to make the students speak up in the classroom. And maybe the perfect method is discussion. If we want to succeed in this process, we must obey these following rules :
1. Find the topic which is familiar with the students. Sometimes social topics will be useful to be the material in the discussion topic. The more they know or experience the case, the more they will be eager to give their opinion and even comment in the discussion. When they feel comfortable with the condition in the process of discussion, one step of success in delivering the lesson is on the way.
2. Don’t correct the students’ grammar in the first place, it is done to make them brave to give what they think about in their mind. Let them speak as much as possible. If you try to correct and the students feel that they made so many mistakes in the process at that time. The following day, I am sure enough that you will not see the students speak up in the classroom anymore. So my suggestion is don’t try it at your class.
3. Ask suggestion, comment and even critics from the students, this method is called communicative approach. The teacher tries to open communication with the students to find the best way in running the conversation class. Let them choose, pick and suggest the condition and situation in the class, but the teacher is still the ruler in the class. If it is done, this method will be called student centre.
4. Grammar correction is done at the end of discussion. Note every single mistakes of every students, then correct those mistakes without giving embarrassment to the students. It is better for the teacher to correct the mistakes in humorous way and finally the teacher gives applause for the students effort.

How to make discussion will be more attractive in the classroom. Here are the steps ….
1. Find topic which requires the critical views from boys and girls. The first day, let one of the both side will be cornered. For example : the topic is “Woman is powerless without man”. It is done to make boys to attack the girls by giving their critical views about woman. But the next day, we must change the topic to be “Man is spoil creature in the world”. I will take it for granted that the boys will be attacked by the girls this time.
2. In doing the discussion, the teacher make a note about the most active students in the discussion. Choose some of the students to be the team leader to lead their own group. This is done to support those who are reluctant or difficult to give their statements in the classroom. If the teacher can do this, let’s step to the last step.
3. Change the topic into broader topic such as “Expensive schools are better education for the students”. If this step can be done successfully, make a formal debate which consists of two opposite groups in the debate.
I hope this article can be useful for everyone who are in position as a conversation teacher in classroom

This article is made by Eko Budi Rahardjo,S.Pd.